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Metphomod -- a Numerical Mesoscale Model for Simulation of Regional Photosmog in Complex Terrain:
Model Description and Application During Pollumet 1993 (Switzerland)

Silvan Perego
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology; Air and soil pollution laboratory
CH-1015 Lausanne

A prognostic three-dimensional Eulerian model for the simulation of summer smog was implemented which fully couples meteorological processes and gas phase chemistry. The model includes modules for atmospheric dynamics, atmospheric turbulence, transport, gas-phase chemistry, short- and long-wave radiation transfer, and surface interactions, including emission and deposition of trace gases. The model was tested in a numerical study of 29-30 July 1993 on the Swiss Plateau and compared to the data of the POLLUMET measurement campaign. Model results were found to be in good agreement with measurements. The model revealed a complex interaction of long range transport, dispersion of plumes from urban areas, and local influences of the complex Swiss topography on local wind systems, and local ozone concentration maxima during that episode.

Keywords: photochemical smog, numerical models, Swiss Plateau, POLLUMET, coupled models

• 1 Introduction

• 2 Model description

  • 2.1 Dynamics

    • 2.1.1 Governing equations

    • 2.1.2 Grid structure and solving procedure

    • 2.1.3 Advection

    • 2.1.4 Turbulence closure scheme

    • 2.1.5 Boundary conditions

  • 2.2 Radiation

    • 2.2.1 Solar radiation

    • 2.2.2 Long-wave radiation

  • 2.3 Soil module

  • 2.4 Emissions and deposition

  • 2.5 Gas phase chemistry

    • 2.5.1 Numerical Solver

    • 2.5.2 Chemical mechanisms

  • 2.6 Model limits

• 3 Validation

  • 3.1 Flow over a bell-shaped hill

  • 3.2 Sea breeze simulation

  • 3.3 Simulation of a vertical column

  • 3.4 Chemical Box calculation

• 4 Application and Experimental evaluation

  • 4.1 The model domain

  • 4.2 The synoptic weather situation / Boundary conditions

  • 4.3 Emission inventory

  • 4.4 Measurements

• 5 Results and Discussion

  • 5.1 Meteorological results

  • 5.2 Chemical results

• 6 Conclusions

• Acknowledgements

• References

• About this document ...

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